海德格尔与马克思哲学对话的隐秘基础

The Hidden Foundations of the Philosophical Dialogue between Heidegger and Marx

在海德格尔与马克思表面上的紧张对峙之下,存在着两者之间隐秘的相似性。海德格尔取道古希腊的生活经验,挖掘出了“理论”的基础亦即“制作”,这与马克思对意识的根源在于生产活动的发现不谋而合。与此同时,以“实践”模式取代“制作”模式,构成了马克思与海德格尔对于西方形而上学所开出的共同药方。海德格尔那里“存在”的具体性,意味着“存在”和“存在者”的结合,体现了马克思式的理论与实践的结合,是用另一套措辞表达了马克思所发现的真理。

Beneath the apparently tense confrontation between Heidegger and Marx,there is an insidious similarity between the two.Heidegger drew on the lived experience of ancient Greece to uncover that the basis of“theory”is“production”,which coincided with Marx’s discovery that the roots of consciousness lie in productive activity.At the same time,the replacement of the“poiesis”model with the“practice”model constitutes the common solution of Marx and Heidegger for Western metaphysics.The concreteness of Heidegger’s“Being”,which implies a combination of“Being”and“beings”,embodies a Marxian combination of theory and practice,and is another set of terms that expresses the truths that Marx found.