黄鳍棘鲷放流苗种的遗传质量评估

Genetic Quality Evaluation of Acanthopagrus latus for Stock Enhancement

【目的】评估黄鳍棘鲷(Acanthopagrus latus)增殖放流苗种的遗传质量。【方法】对黄鳍棘鲷放流苗种和自然群体的遗传多样性水平、遗传分化和近交程度等进行对比分析。【结果】放流苗种群体的等位基因数目NA(均值为9.917)大于自然群体NA(均值为8.083);而放流苗种群体的观测杂合度HO(均值为0.646)、期望杂合度HE(均值为0.694)和多态信息含量PIC(均值为0.654)均小于自然群体的HO(均值为0.651)、HE(均值为0.707)和PIC(均值为0.659)。此外,放流苗种群体和自然群体之间的存在一定的遗传分歧,遗传分化指数FST为0.011,但分歧程度不高,且近交程度系数均值F和FIS均大于自然群体的对应系数。【结论】黄鳍棘鲷放流苗种存在一定遗传质量缺陷,不能满足增殖放流要求,可能会自然群体产生负面影响。

【Objective】This study investigates a genetic quality assessment technique for a released population and a natural population in Acanthopagrus latus.【Method】Fingerling stock and natural stock are compared from 4 points(the level of genetic diversity,the degree of genetic divergence and inbreeding),and the genetic quality of the fingerlings is evaluated.【Result】The results show that the number of alleles in the released population NA(mean 9.917)is greater than that in the natural population NA(mean 8.083),while the mean of observed heterozygosity(HO),expected heterozygosity(HE),and polymorphic information content(PIC)is 0.646,0.694 and 0.654 in the released population,respectively.Those three values are smaller than those in the natural population HO(mean 0.651),HE(mean 0.707)and PIC(mean 0.659),respectively.In addition,there is some genetic divergence between the release population and the natural population,but the degree of divergence is not high(FST=0.011).Moreover,the mean coefficient of inbreeding degree F and FIS are greater than the corresponding coefficient of natural population.The mean of inbreeding degree coefficient F and FIS of the released population are smaller than those of the natural population.【Conclusion】The fingerling investigated in this study has some genetic quality defects.Therefore,they do not meet the requirements of enhancement and releasing as the population might have negative effects on the natural populations.