黄精根际及药用部位内生真菌群落组成和生态功能分析

Community composition and ecological function of rhizosphere fungi and medicinal parts endophytic fungi in Polygonatum sibiricum

为寻找促进药用植物活性代谢产物合成的微生物,该文以黄精为研究对象,利用高通量测序技术和生态功能预测平台,测定根际土真菌、根茎和根内生真菌的ITS序列,分析其真菌多样性和群落组成,并预测根茎内生真菌的生态功能。结果表明:(1)测序得到1023个可操作分类单元(OTUs),根际、根茎和根真菌OTU数分别为703、128和141,三种部位真菌群落组成差异显著,根际土存在特有的真菌类群,即壶菌门。(2)根际土、根茎及根共有OTU 41个,子囊菌门占共有真菌的58.15%,丰度最大。(3)根茎内生真菌被划分6个生态功能群,包括未定义腐生菌、菌寄生真菌、动物病原菌、植物病原菌、丛枝菌根真菌和地衣共生真菌,37个undefined种类(34.91%)在FUNGuild数据库中没有参考信息。研究认为根茎中优势菌属Setophoma、新赤壳属等内生真菌可能与活性代谢产物密切相关,可为黄精药用功能菌群的发掘提供数据参考。

To find microbes promoting the biosynthesis of active metabolites in medicinal plants,with Polygonatum sibiricum as materials,the ITS region of fungi form rhizosphere,rhizome and root was sequenced by Illumina MiSeq to analyze the diversity and community composition,and FUNGuild was used to analyze the ecological function categories of endophytes fungi in rhizome.The results were as follows:(1)A total of 1023 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were obtained from all samples of P.sibiricum.The numbers of OTU from rhizosphere,rhizome and root fungi were 703,128 and 141,respectively.The composition of fungal community in three samples was significantly different,and there was specific fungi Chytridiomycota in root.(2)There was 41 OTU in common of three samples,and Ascomycota accounted for the highest proportion(58.15%).(3)In ecological functional,endophytic fungi of rhizome in P.sibiricum contained six functions groups,undefined saprotroph,mycoparasites,plant pathogen,animal pathogen,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,lichenized fungi,and 37 undefined species(34.91%)had no reference information in the FUNGuild database.It is suggested that the dominant endophytic fungi like Setophoma and Neocosmospora in rhizome may be important microbial communities affecting the biosynthesis of the active products,which provides data reference for the exploration of medicinal functional microorganisms in P.sibiricum.