2015-2019年重庆市北碚区吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析

Analysis of AIDS sentinel surveillance date among drug users from 2015 to 2019 in Beibei District of Chongqing

目的分析重庆市北碚区吸毒人群艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)、梅毒螺旋体(Treponema Pallidum,TP)、丙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis C virus,HCV)的感染情况和行为学特征变化趋势,为制定艾滋病防控措施提供科学依据。方法采取监测期内连续抽样方法对2015-2019年重庆市北碚区西山坪强制戒毒所新入所的吸毒人员进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血进行HIV、TP、HCV抗体检测。结果共监测2000名男性吸毒人员,其HIV、TP、HCV总体阳性率分别为1.55%、5.95%、54.25%。5年中吸毒者HIV阳性率由2.00%降至0.50%,HCV阳性率由69.50%降至42.25%,梅毒阳性率无明显变化。期间,注射吸毒比例呈下降趋势,但吸食新型毒品的比例呈上升趋势。吸毒者与配偶或同居者发生性行为时每次使用安全套的比例仅7.07%,明显低于商业性行为时的41.98%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=240.26,P<0.05)。结论近年来重庆市北碚区吸毒者吸食新型毒品比例增加,与一般人群性行为中安全套的使用率低,应加强综合干预,减少相关疾病的传播和蔓延。

Objective This article aims to analyze the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),Treponema Pallidum(TP),and Hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection status,and the behavioral change trends among drug users in Beibei District of Chongqing,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control measures.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted using a continuous sampling method during the monitoring period among the newly admitted drug addicts in Xishanping Forced Rehabilitation Center of Beibei District,Chongqing from 2015 to 2019,and venous blood samples were collected for HIV,TP,and HCV antibody test.Results A total of 2000 male drug addicts were monitored and the overall infection rate of HIV,TP and HCV were 1.55%,5.95%,54.25%,respectively.The infection rate of HIV decreased from 2.00%to 0.50%,and the infection rate of HCV decreased from 69.50%to 42.25%in 5 years.There was no conspicuous change in the infection rate of syphilis.The proportion of injection drug addicts declined,while the proportion of taking new drugs increased during this time.The proportion of condoms using was only 7.07%when drug addicts had sex with their spouse or cohabitant,which was significantly lower than the 41.98%for commercial sex.These differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=240.26,P<0.05).Conclusion In recent years,the proportion of drug addicts taking new drugs in Beibei District,Chongqing has increased,and the rate of condom use in sexual activities with the general population is low.The comprehensive intervention for drug addicts should be strengthened to reduce the spread and contagion of related diseases.