2015-2018年内江市手足口病病原学检测结果分析

Analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease laboratory test results in Neijiang City from 2015 to 2018

目的分析2015-2018年内江市手足口病病原学特征,为手足口病的防制提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2015-2018年内江市手足口病病原学检测数据进行统计学分析。结果2015-2018年内江市手足口病检测病例共3485例,检出肠道病毒阳性2041例,阳性率58.57%。其中,Cox A16508例,占24.89%;EV 71333例,占16.32%;其他肠道病毒1200例,占58.79%。随着年龄的增长,EV 71及Cox A16构成比逐渐上升,各年各型别肠道病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(趋势)=69.356,P<0.05),各县(市、区)各型别肠道病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=58.148,P<0.05),各年龄组各型别肠道病毒阳性率总体趋势差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(趋势)=88.148,P<0.05)。结论4岁以下儿童是全市手足口病防控的重点人群,随着年龄的增长,EV 71及Cox A16在高年龄儿童中的构成比逐渐上升,需警惕高年龄儿童中可能出现的重症病例。

Objective This paper analyzes the pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Neijiang City from 2015 to 2018,aiming to reveal the pathogenic distribution characteristics of HFMD in Neijiang City,to carry out disease prevention and control in a targeted way,and to avoid serious sequelae and death of severe cases.Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to statistically analyze the pathogenic detection date of HFMD in Neijiang City from 2015 to 2018.Results From 2015 to 2018,a total of 3485 cases of HFMD were detected in Neijiang City,and 2041 cases of enteroviruses positive were detected,with a positive rate of 58.57%.In recent years,the proportion of other enteroviruses had increased year by year,which has become the dominant pathogen of HFMD in the city.Among them,508 cases(24.89%)were Cox A16,333 cases(16.32%)were EV 71,and 1200 cases(58.79%)were other enteroviruses.With the aging,the proportion of EV 71 and Cox A16 has increased gradually,but other enteroviruses were still the dominant pathogen of HFMD in all age groups.There was a significant difference in the positive rate of enteroviruses of different types in different years(χ^(2)_(trend)=69.356,P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the positive rate of enteroviruses of different types in different counties(cities,districts)(χ^(2)=58.148,P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the general trend of the positive rate of enteroviruses of different types in different age groups(χ^(2)_(trend)=88.148,P<0.05).Conclusion The positive rate of enteroviruses in Neijiang City is consistent with the characteristics of HFMD in Neijiang City.Children under 4 years old are the dominant population for HFMD prevention and control in the city.However,with the increase of age,the proportion of EV 71 and Cox A16 in children in the high age group increased gradually.It is necessary to be aware of the possibility of severe cases in children in the high age group.