布病门诊首诊布鲁菌病病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of first brucellosis patients in brucellosis clinic

目的掌握2013-2017年内蒙古疾控中心布鲁菌病(布病)首诊发病者流行病学特征,为今后布病的防控提供科学依据。方法将内蒙古疾控中心布病门诊2013-2017年接诊、首次诊断为布病的病例纳入研究,运用描述流行病学方法分析首诊发病者的流行特征。结果 2013-2017年内蒙古疾控中心布病首诊发病者中,男女性别比为2.95∶1;职业以农牧民为主,其次分别为兽医、学生和挤奶工;平均年龄为(47.06±15.93)岁;接触史以羊接触史为主,其次为牛接触史;病例主要集中于3-7月;布病患者主要分布于呼和浩特市及其周围的包头市、乌兰察布市和鄂尔多斯市。结论内蒙古疾控中心接诊的布病首诊发病者数量近5年先上升后下降,防控取得了一定成效,但仍然存在不足。建议加强部门间的合作,开展职业人群的培训,同时加强对学生群体的关注。

Objective The current analysis was set to grasp the epidemiological characteristics of the first diagnosis of brucellosis in Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2013 to 2017,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of brucellosis in the future.Methods The cases of brucellosis outpatients at the Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2013 to 2017 and the first diagnosis of brucellosis were included in the study,and the epidemiological characteristics of the first diagnosed cases were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.Results From 2013 to 2017,in the first diagnosis of brucellosis in Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention,the male to female ratio was 2.95∶1.Occupation is given priority to farmers and herdsmen,followed by veterinarians,students,and milkers.The average age was(47.06±15.93) years old.Sheep contact history was the main contact history,followed by cattle contact history.Cases were mainly concentrated from March to July.The main distribution was in Hohhot and its surrounding cities of Baotou,Ulanqab,and Ordos.Conclusion The number of first-time brucellosis patients admitted by the Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention has increased firstly and then decreased in the past five years.And some achievements have been made in prevention and control,but there are still deficiencies.It is recommended to strengthen the cooperation between departments,carry out training of the professional population,and strengthen the attention to the student community.