大竹县2016-2018年鼠类监测结果分析

Analysis on rodent monitoring results in Dazhu from 2016 to 2018

目的了解大竹县2016-2018年不同环境鼠类的密度、种类构成、季节消长和数量变化等情况,为制定防制方案提供科学依据。方法采用夹夜法,在不同环境每月(次)布置有效鼠夹200个以上。室内按每15 m2布一夹,沿墙根均匀布放,室外每5 m布一夹,晚放晨收,并统计分析监测数据。结果共布有效鼠夹7 600夹次,捕获鼠类137只(3个品种),平均鼠密度为1.80%。三年间鼠密度2016年最高、2018年最低,各年鼠密度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.08,P<0.05)。同年中,鼠密度以4月和9月最高;以四川短尾鼩为优势种,占63.50%;农村自然村鼠密度最高,特殊行业最低,各环境鼠密度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.12,P<0.05)。结论此次研究基本掌握了大竹县不同环境鼠类密度、种类构成、季节消长和数量变化等规律。

Objective To understand the density,species composition,seasonal fluctuation and population variation of rodents in different environments in Dazhu from 2016 to 2018,and to provide scientific basis for control program formulation.Methods Night traping method was applied to distribute 200 effective rattraps in different habitats every month(times).one trap was distributed every 15 m2 in indoor conditions,and the rattraps were evenly distributed along the wall.One rattrap was distributed every 5 m in outdoor conditions,the rattraps were placed at nights and folded in next mornings,and monitoring data was subject to statistical analysis.Results A total of 7 600 effective rattraps were placed,137 rodents(3 species) were caught with the average density of 1.80%,the rodent population density during such three years maximized in 2016 and minimized in 2018,the differences in rat densities within years were statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.08,P<0.05),the rodent population density hit the peak in April and the bottom in September in current year.Sichuan burrowing shrews were dominant species,accounting for 63.50%,the rodent population density of rural natural villages was maximum,the rodent population density of special trade was minimum,and the difference in the rodent population density of different environments was statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.12,P<0.05).Conclusion The laws for density,species composition,seasonal fluctuation and quantity variation of rodents in different environments in Dazhu are almost mastered.