佛山市南海区职业暴露人群布鲁菌病防控知识与行为的分析

Analysis of knowledge and behavior of brucellosis prevention and control among occupational exposed population in Nanhai District,Foshan City

目的了解佛山市南海区职业暴露人群对布鲁菌病(布病)防治知识的知晓情况以及高危行为习惯和个人防护行为情况,分析危险因素,为制定科学防治策略提供依据。方法通过多阶段PPS分层随机抽样方法对佛山市南海区内职业暴露人群开展布病防控知识与行为的问卷调查,对调查资料进行卡方检验。结果共调查职业暴露人群154人,不同工种的性别、文化程度、工作年限差异均有统计学意义。被调查人员中布病防治知识总体知晓率不高,不同工种知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=24.201,P<0.05);不同职业对于布病知识知晓率不全相同,其中屠宰人员布病知识知晓率最低;从事交易和皮毛乳肉加工的人员中高危行为发生率较从事屠宰的低,但都存在较大的感染风险;被调查人员普遍对布病的个人防护不足。结论应进一步做好动物检验检疫工作,为各职业暴露人群建立健康档案、定期开展布病筛查,实施针对性强且结合实际的健康教育培训和行为干预,以加强布病防控。

Objective To learn about the knowledge,high-risk behavioral habits as well as personal protection behaviors of occupational exposed population in Nanhai District,Foshan City on brucellosis(abbreviated as BR);analyze the hazardous factors;and provide references for developing scientific prevention and control strategies.Methods Aquestionnaire survey was conducted on the knowledge and behaviors for prevention and control among occupational exposed population in Nanhai District,Foshan City based on the multi-stage PPS stratified random sampling method,and the survey data was subjected to chi-square test.Results A total of 154 occupational exposed populations were surveyed.The differences in the gender,education level and working years in different types of work were statistically significant.The overall awareness of brucellosis prevention and treatment was not high,and the difference of awareness rate in different occupations was statistically significant(χ^(2)=24.201,P<0.05).Where,the awareness of knowledge of brucellosis in different occupations wasn′t fully identical,the knowledge of brucellosis was lowest among butchers,and the incidence of bad behavior in transaction and fur processing engagers was lower than that in butchers,but the risk of infection was high.Personal protection of subjects against brucellosis was inadequate.Conclusion It is necessary to further conduct the inspection and quarantine on animals properly,establish health records for occupationally exposed populations,organize brucellosis screening regularly,implement targeted health education training and behavioral interventions so as to strengthen the prevention and control of brucellosis.