10周运动干预对自闭症儿童基本动作技能与社会交往能力的影响

The Effect of Ten-week Exercise Intervention on Fundamental Motor Skills and Social Ability of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

目的:探讨10周运动干预对自闭症儿童基本动作技能及社会交往能力的影响。方法:选取18名5~12岁的自闭症儿童,随机分为实验组(n=8)和对照组(n=10)。实验组采用结构性运动干预方案进行干预,对照组进行常规体育干预。在10周运动干预前后,采用TGMD-3测试对所有参与者的基本动作技能得分(身体移动类技能得分、物体控制类技能得分)进行评估;采用POPE观察量表对实验组儿童在课堂体育活动中的7种社交互动状态进行评价。结果:(1)10周运动干预后,自闭症儿童的基本动作技能有显著提升(P<0.01),身体移动类技能和物体控制类技能也有明显提升(P<0.05);(2)经过10周运动干预,自闭症儿童的社会交往能力出现了显著变化,在课堂中的孤独状态时间显著减少(P<0.05),联合参与时间显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:10周运动干预不仅能够提高自闭症儿童的基本动作技能,而且在一定程度上可以提供更多的社会交往机会,改善其社会沟通缺陷等核心症状。

Objective To explore the effect of 10-week exercise intervention on fundamental motor skills(FMS)and social ability of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).MethodsEighteen ASD children aged 5 to 12 were randomly divided into an experimental group(n=8)and a control group(n=10).The control group was given routine physical education intervention,while the experimental group was provided with 10-week structure exercise intervention.Before and after the intervention,the fundamental motor skills(FMS)(including the locomotor and object control skills)were assessed using the test of gross motor development 3(TGMD-3),and 7 social interaction states of the experimental group in classroom physical activities were assessed using the playground observation of peer engagement(POPE).ResultsAfter 10-week exercise intervention,the average FMS of ASD children improved significantly(P<0.01),and the average locomotor skill and object control skill also improved significantly(P<0.05).After the exercise intervention,the social ability of ASD children improved significantly,with the time of loneliness in class decreasing significantly(P<0.05),and the time of joint engagement increasing significantly(P<0.05).ConclusionTen-week structure exercise can enhance the average FMS of ASD children,provide them with more opportunities for social life,and relieve their core symptoms such as deficit in social communication.