财税政策对企业创新的激励机制和效应研究

Research on the Incentive Mechanism and Effect of Fiscal and Tax Policies on Enterprise Innovation

在系统分析政府财税政策对企业创新活动的作用机理的基础上,以1998-2007年工业企业数据库为样本评估政府财税政策对企业创新活动的微观政策效应。实证研究发现,虽然政府财政补贴和税收优惠对企业创新投入和创新产出均有显著激励作用,但对企业创新效率的影响存在显著差异,财政补贴对企业创新效率的提高具有抑制作用,而税收优惠对企业创新效率的提高具有促进作用。进一步的异质性分析结果表明,财税政策对企业创新的激励效果因产权性质、规模大小、技术属性的不同而表现出差异性。

Based on the systematic analysis of the mechanism of government fiscal and tax policies on enterprise innovation activities,this paper evaluates the micro-policy effects of government fiscal and tax policies on enterprise innovation activities with the industrial enterprise database from 1998 to 2007 as the sample.The empirical study finds that although the government fiscal subsidies and tax incentives have significant incentive effect on the innovation input and output of enterprises,but there is a significant difference in the impact on the innovation financial efficiency of enterprises.Financial subsidies have an inhibitory effect on the improvement of enterprise innovation efficiency,while tax incentives can promote the improvement of enterprise innovation efficiency.Further heterogeneity analysis results show that the incentive effect of fiscal and tax policies on enterprise innovation show differences due to property rights,scale and technology attribute.