威宁糖心苹果矿质元素与果实品质的相关性及其通径系数

Correlation and Path Coefficient Between Mineral Elements and Fruit Quality of Sugar Core Apple in Weining

【目的】探明糖心苹果果实矿质元素之间的相关性及其与糖酸品质指标的关系,筛选影响糖心果实品质指标的主要矿质元素,为实现苹果的合理营养施肥和优质高效生产提供参考。【方法】以西南冷凉高地糖心苹果果实为试材,利用典型相关和通径分析,分析比较糖心苹果果实矿质元素和主要糖酸品质指标间的相关性及通径系数。【结果】不同采收时期糖心苹果糖心组织中山梨醇含量是非糖心组织的1.10~1.92倍,不同组织的糖酸品质及矿质元素含量变异系数差异较大。不同矿质元素对果实品质的影响不同,且相同矿质元素在不同果实组织和品质指标中所起的作用也不相同。果实糖心组织和非糖心组织矿质元素对果糖直接影响依次为Mg>Fe>K>Cu>Zn>Ca和Ca>Mg>K>Cu>Fe>Zn,对山梨醇直接影响依次为Mg>Fe>Cu>Zn>Ca>K和Ca>Mg>Zn>Cu>K>Fe,对酒石酸直接影响依次为Mg>Fe>Ca>K>Zn>Cu和Ca>Zn>Cu>Mg>K>Fe,对奎宁酸直接影响依次为Mg>Fe>Zn>Cu>Ca>K和Ca>Mg>Zn>K>Cu>Fe,对苹果酸直接影响依次为Mg>Fe>K>Ca>Zn>Cu和Zn>Cu>Fe>Ca>K>Mg。【结论】糖心组织和非糖心组织中,Mg、Ca和Zn含量对糖酸品质的影响较大,生产实践中要合理调控各矿质元素的施肥配比,从而实现糖心苹果的优质高效栽培。

【Objective】The correlation among fruit mineral elements of sugar core apple and their relationship with sugar-acid quality index are explored and the main mineral elements influencing sugar core fruit quality index are screened,which provide a reference for realizing rational nutritional fertilization and quality and efficient production of apple.【Method】Sugar core apple fruits in cold highland of Southwestern China are taken as test materials,and canonical correlation and path analysis are used to compare the correlation and path coefficient between fruit mineral elements and main sugar-acid quality indexes of sugar core apple.【Conclusion】The sorbitol content in sugar core issue of sugar core apple harvesting at different stages is 1.10—1.92 times than that of non sugar core issue.There is a great difference in variable coefficient between sugar-acid quality and mineral element content of different issues.Different mineral elements have different effect on fruit quality,and the same mineral elements have different effect on different fruit issue and quality index.The direct influence of mineral element in fruit sugar core issue and non-sugar core issue to fructose follows Mg>Fe>K>Cu>Zn>Ca and Ca>Mg>K>Cu>Fe>Zn,the direct influence to sorbitol follows Mg>Fe>Cu>Zn>Ca>K and Ca>Mg>Zn>Cu>K>Fe,the direct influence to tartaric acid follows Mg>Fe>Ca>K>Zn>Cu and Ca>Zn>Cu>Mg>K>Fe,the direct influence to quinic acid follows Mg>Fe>Zn>Cu>Ca>K and Ca>Mg>Zn>K>Cu>Fe,and the direct influence to malic acid follows Mg>Fe>K>Ca>Zn>Cu and Zn>Cu>Fe>Ca>K>Mg.【Conclusion】Mg,Ca and Zn content have a great effect on sugar-acid quality in sugar core issue and non-sugar core issue.In the production practice,the fertilization ratio of mineral elements should be regulated reasonably,thereby realizing high-quality and efficient cultivation of sugar core apple.