医务人员锐器伤及安全器具使用意愿与困境的综合调查

Survey on sharp injuries of medical staff and willingness and dilemma to use safety devices

目的探讨医务人员锐器伤发生及安全器具使用现状。方法通过问卷调查方法对某综合医院312名一线医务人员的锐器伤现状及安全器具认知情况进行分析。结果回收有效问卷300份,问卷有效回收率96.1%。有64.6%的医务人员在职业生涯中曾遭受至少1次以上的锐器伤。关联性分析显示,发生锐器伤的次数和性别、职业、工龄、科室均有一定程度的相关性(P<0.05),女性、护士、工龄5~10年者、手术科室人员更容易发生锐器伤。仅有40.2%的锐器伤者事后主动上报。工龄和上报率有一定的相关性,工龄越长,上报率越高(P<0.05)。不同性别、职业及工龄医务人员对安全器具的认知程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。女性、护士、工龄长的人员更熟悉安全器具的使用。60.0%的医务人员表示非常乐意使用安全器具,34%的医务人员表示可以尝试,6.0%的医务人员则不愿意尝试。工龄与使用意愿有一定的正相关性(P<0.05)。结论减少锐器伤问题应从机制入手,建立统一监管系统,通过健全相关法律法规推进安全器具的广泛使用。

Objective To evaluate the current situation of sharp instrument injuries and use of safety devices among medical staff.Methods A total of 312 medical staff in a general hospital were investigated with questionnaire on the status of sharp instrument injury and the cognition of safety equipment.Results Totally 300 medical staff(96.1%)completely filled the questionnaires,and 64.6%of the medical staff had suffered sharp injuries at least once in their career.Correlation analysis showed that the frequency of sharp instrument injury was related to medical staff’s gender,job type,working age and working department(P<0.05).The females,the nurses,or the staff with working age of 5-10 years or engaged in surgical operations were more likely to have sharp instrument injury.However,only 40.2%of the sharp injuries were reported voluntarily.The staff with longer working age preferred to report their sharp injuries,compared with whom with less working age(P<0.05).There were significant differences in cognition of safety devices among medical staff with different gender,the job types or working age(P<0.05).The females,the nurses or the staff with long working age were more familiar with the use of safety equipment;60%of the medical staff were very willing to use the safety equipment,34%of them wanted to try immediately,and 6%of them were not willing to try.There was a positive correlation between the willingness to use and working age(P<0.05).Conclusions To reduce the problem of sharp instrument injury,we should implement a more complete management mechanism,refine relevant requirements and establish a unified supervision system,so as to promote the wide use of safety equipment.