基于共同照护模式提高脑卒中患者生活质量的效果分析

Analysis of the effect of shared care model in improving the quality of life of stroke patients

目的研究共同照护模式对提高脑卒中患者生活质量的影响,以期创建更高效的护理模式。方法按照随机数字表法,将2020年5月至9月在本院神经内科住院的脑卒中患者80例分为常规组和观察组,每组40例。常规组男25例,女15例,年龄(70.18±2.08)岁;观察组男26例,女14例,年龄(70.27±2.20)岁。常规组采取常规的护理模式,如症状护理、康复训练、心理及饮食干预等;观察组采用多学科共同照护模式,为患者提供规范、个体化的诊疗措施和护理干预,注重保存或恢复患者的生活本能,防止并发症和功能丢失,减少废用性残疾和改善生活质量。观察期统一为8 w,在干预前和观察期结束时采用脑卒中影响量表(SIS)分别评估两组患者的生活质量,统计两组患者干预期间发生的护理并发症,比较两组患者的差异。结果干预前两组患者生活质量8个维度(力气、肢体功能、行动能力、日常活动能力、交流能力、社会参与能力、情感和情绪控制能力、思维和记忆能力)评分差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预8 w后观察组患者生活质量8个维度得分[(63.58±5.01)、(53.13±3.77)、(62.58±4.48)、(52.00±4.93)、(67.40±3.46)、(35.45±3.19)、(66.95±3.43)、(69.68±5.26)分]均显著高于常规组[(48.95±4.27)、(36.93±5.55)、(51.83±5.50)、(43.50±4.41)、(62.20±5.05)、(27.23±4.93)、(56.28±5.92)、(62.90±2.61)分],组间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组护理并发症总发生率仅为7.50%(3/40),明显低于对照组的42.50%(17/40),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论共同照护模式能结合多学科团队力量并共同协助,给患者提供特殊照顾,注重保存或恢复患者的生活本能,防止并发症和功能丢失,减少废用性残疾和改善生活质量。

Objective To study the effect of shared care model in improving the quality of life of stroke patients,in order to create a more efficient nursing model.Methods According to the random number table method,80 stroke patients hospitalized in the neurology department of our hospital from May to September 2020 were divided into a routine group and an observation group,40 cases in each group.There were 25 males and 15 females in the routine group,with the age of(70.18±2.08)years old;there were 26 males and 14 females in the observation group,with the age of(70.27±2.20)years old.The routine group received the routine nursing model,including symptom nursing,rehabilitation training,psychological and dietary intervention.The observation group received multidisciplinary shared care model,providing standardized and individualized diagnosis and treatment measures and nursing intervention for patients,focus on preserving or restoring the life instinct of patients,preventing complications and loss of function,reducing disuse disability,and improving the quality of life.The observation period was 8 w.Before the intervention and at the end of the observation period,the qualities of life of the two groups were evaluated by Stroke Impact Scale(SIS),the nursing complications of the two groups during the intervention were statistically analyzed.Results Before the intervention,there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of strength,limb function,action ability,daily activity ability,communication ability,social participation ability,emotion control ability,thinking and memory ability of SIS between the two groups(all P>0.05);after 8 weeks of intervention,the scores of 8 dimensions in the observation group were(63.58±5.01),(53.13±3.77),(62.58±4.48),(52.00±4.93),(67.40±3.46),(35.45±3.19),(66.95±3.43),and(69.68±5.26)points,which were higher than those in the routine group[(48.95±4.27),(36.93±5.55),(51.83±5.50),(43.50±4.41),(62.20±5.05),(27.23±4.93),(56.28±5.92),and(62.90±2.61)points],with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).The total incidence of nursing complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the routine group[7.50%(3/40)vs.42.50%(17/40)],with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion The shared care model can combine the strength of multidisciplinary team and help together,provide special care for patients,focus on preserving or restoring the life instinct of patients,prevent complications and loss of function,reduce disuse disability,and improve their quality of life.