算法时代金融公平的实现困境与法律应对

The implementing dilemmas and legal countermeasures of financial equity in the algorithm age

金融公平的价值理念在我国已逐渐转化为制度文本和市场实践。大数据算法在金融领域的引入,有助于金融社会功能的激发与金融公平价值理念的稳固,并在一定程度上促进了金融机会公平的初步实现。然而,算法自身的歧视属性却背离了金融交易公平的深层诉求,算法效率导向的秉性亦阻碍了金融结果公平的推进,进而对金融公平的充分实现产生了威胁。研究后发现,算法权力的崛起导致了金融机构与金融消费者之间主体能力的进一步失衡,这是算法诸多缺陷得以嵌入金融市场并危害金融公平价值和金融消费者权益的重要基础。因此,应沿着权力约束和权利补强两条路径,通过构建算法测试与验证制度、强化金融教育权、构建替代性金融纠纷解决机制等路径,实现智能金融时代金融机构与金融消费者能力的平衡再造。

The idea about the value of financial equity has been gradually transformed into institutional text and market practice in China.The introduction of algorithm for big data in financial business helps to stimulate the social function of finance,to stabilize the idea of financial equity,and to promote the initial realization of equity in financial opportunity.However,the discrimination embedded in the algorithm departs from the demand of equity in financial transactions,and the efficiency-orientation of the algorithm hampers the development of equity in financial effect,putting the full fulfillment of financial equity in jeopardy.The present study finds that it is the emergence of algorithmic power that furthers the imbalances between the capacity of financial institution and that of financial consumers,embedding the defects of algorithm into financial market and jeopardizing the idea of financial equity and financial consumers interests.Therefore,the implementation of the idea of financial equity should simultaneously follow a parallel approach of restricting powers and strengthening rights.To be more specific,an algorithm test,classification and certification system should be established,the right to education of financial consumers strengthened,and an alternative financial dispute resolution introduced so as to realize the rebalance of the capacity of financial institutions and that of financial consumers in the AI finance era.