94份小麦育种亲本的功能基因分子检测

Molecular Detection of Functional Genes in 94 Wheat Parent Lines

为了掌握小麦育种亲本重要性状功能基因的等位基因变异情况,利用42个功能基因KASP标记对94份育种亲本进行了分子检测。结果表明,1B/1R易位系占比30%;Rht-D1是主要的矮秆基因,占比80%;与产量相关的TaCwi-A1-1、GW2-6B、TaSus1-7B优异等位变异占比均大于85%,TaGS2-B1、TaGS5-A1、TaGW2-6A、TEF-7A在30%左右,TaGASR7-A1和TaMoc-A1小于10%;与品质相关的Glu-A1、Lox-B1、Pinb-D1优异等位变异占比70%左右,而Zds-D1高达99%,Glu-D1、Zds-A1、TaPds-B1在25%左右;与抗性相关的Lr46优异等位变异占比93%,1-feh-w3为66%,Vp1B1和Lr14a在50%左右,TaSdr-B1为21%,Lr68为15%,而Fhb1、Sbm1、Lr34、Sr2、Pm21在5%以下;光周期、春化和开花期相关基因的优异等位变异占比均较高。本研究明确了优异等位变异占比均较低的功能基因,为下一步育种亲本的有效利用奠定了基础,也为利用KASP标记开展分子标记辅助选择提供了参考。

To understand the allelic variation of functional genes related to important traits in wheat breeding parents,we used 42 KASP markers of functional genes to detect 94 breeding parents.The results showed that 1 B/1 R translocation lines accounted for 30%.Rht-D1 was the dominant dwarf gene accounting for 80%.The proportions of favorable alleles of TaCwi-A1-1,GW2-6 B and TaSus1-7 B related to yield were all more than 85%,while that of TaGS2-B1,TaGS5-A1,TaGW2-6 A and TEF-7 A were about 30%,and that of TaGASR7-A1 and TaMoc-A1 were less than 10%.The favorable alleles of Glu-A1,Lox-B1 and Pinb-D1 related to quality accounted for about 70%,while Zds-D1 was up to 99%,and Glu-D1,Zds-A1 and TaPds-B1 accounted for about 25%.The favorable allele of Lr46 related to resistance accounted for 93%,1-feh-w3 accounted for 66%,Vp1 B1 and Lr14 a accounted for about 50%,TaSdr-B1 accounted for 21%,Lr68 accounted for 15%,and Fhb1,Sbm1,Lr34,Sr2 and Pm21 accounted for less than 5%.The proportions of favorable alleles related to photoperiod,verbalization and flowering time were higher.In this study,the favorable alleles of functional genes with lower proportions were identified,which laied a foundation for the effective utilization of breeding parents in the future,and could provide useful references for molecular marker-assisted selection using KASP markers.