农村中小银行数字化转型研究

The Digital Transformation of Small and Medium-sized Rural Banks

金融机构数字化转型是大势所趋,也是金融高质量发展的战略需要。当前我国农村中小银行数字化转型呈现出明显的梯队特征,头部机构正在全方面探索推进,中部梯队从信息化向数字化迈进,而尾部梯队尚处于信息化初期阶段。与大型银行相比,农村中小银行数字化转型存在数字化人才积累少、技术基础弱、业务与技术融合慢、组织不完善、资源投入难等方面的差距,并面临着体制机制"双层性"的组织挑战、技术供给能力弱的技术挑战、线上化和智能化转型的业务挑战以及治理能力弱的数据挑战。接下来,农村中小银行加快数字化转型需要遵循目标导向和问题导向的统一,同步推进"功能型平台""业务中台""技术中台""数据中台""风控中台"建设,将"大平台+小法人"的组织机制打造为"技术供应商+业务实施方"的数字化协同机制,通过与互联网科技公司合作提升技术和业务能力,将多元、分散的线下银行网点打造为数字化生态入口,通过数据管理平台将"沉没信息"转化为"生产要素"。

The digital transformation of financial institutions is the general trend,and the due meaning of high-quality financial development.The small and medium-sized rural banks in China have been generally separated into three different tiers regarding their progress on digitalization transformation:the top-tier banks are pushing digitalization on a full-scale;the medium tier ones are transforming from informatization to digitalization;while the bottom-tier banks are still sitting at the early stage of informatization.The digital transformation of small and medium-sized rural banks has great gaps of talent accumulation,technology accumulation,organizational efficiency,resource input,and faces the challenges of"double-layer"organizational mechanism,technology supply capacity,business online and intelligent transformation,data governance capacity and so on.In the future,in order to speed up the digitalization,the small and medium-sized rural banks should maintain the“objectiveoriented”and“problem-oriented”principles,build“tool-kit platform”,“middle platform for business”,“middle platform for technology”,“middle platform for data-processing”and“middle platform for risk management”;at the same time,change the role of the"double-layer"organizational structure to“technology services provider”and“business operator”,collaborate with big-tech companies to improve the ability of technology and operating services,integrate the diverse resources of offline branches into the foundation of a digital ecosystem,and transform“sunk information”into“production factor”through data-processing platform.