乳腺肿瘤患者病理诊断中使用免疫组化检查的准确性分析

The Accuracy Analysis of Immunohistochemical Examination in Pathological Diagnosis of Breast Tumor Patients

目的分析在乳腺肿瘤病人病理诊断中应用免疫组织化学检查的准确性。方法选取2019年04月01日~2020年03月31日经病理学确诊的30例乳腺癌女性病人作为实验组,选取同一时间段收治的30例乳腺良性增生女性病人作为参照组,所有病人都进行乳腺穿刺活检,收集乳腺组织标本,并使用免疫组织化学检测技术对标本进行检测。观察并记录乳腺癌镜检以及免疫组化检测结果,对比两组病人CK5/6、CK34βE12、EGFR、HER-2、Ki67、PTEN、P16、P63的检测结果,观察免疫组化检测指数和乳腺癌的相关性。结果乳腺癌镜检可见乳腺癌组织细胞分布不规则,细胞质较少,细胞形态具有多样性,细胞核分离现象较少,细胞边缘可以看见纤维母细胞增生或者呈胶原化。乳腺癌免疫组化检查结果:经病理学确诊的30例乳腺癌病人中CK5/6^(+)诊断准确率为93.33%;CK34βE12^(+)诊断准确率为83.33%,EGFR^(+)诊断准确率为90.00%,HER-2^(+)诊断准确率为86.67%,P16^(+)诊断准确率为80.00%,P63^(+)诊断准确率为为86.67%,Ki67^(+)诊断准确率为93.33%,PTEN-诊断准确率为30.00%。实验组CK5/6、CK34βE12、EGFR、HER-2、Ki67、P16、P63阳性率均显著高于参照组,且实验组PTEN阴性率明显低于参照组,差异较大(P<0.05)。CK5/6、CK34βE12、EGFR、HER-2、Ki67、P16、P63指数为正数,表明上述指标阳性表达和乳腺癌呈正相关(<0.001),而PTEN指数为负数,表明和乳腺癌呈负相关(<0.001)。结论在乳腺肿瘤病人病理诊断中应用免疫组织化学检查,可对不同乳腺病变进行准确诊断,其具有较高的准确性。

Objective Analyze the accuracy of immunohistochemistry in the pathological diagnosis of breast tumor patients. Methods 30 female patients with breast cancer who were pathologically diagnosed in our hospital from June 2019 to February 2020 were selected as the experimental group, Select 30 female patients with benign breast hyperplasia admitted to our hospital during the same time period as the reference group. All patients undergo breast biopsy, Collect breast tissue specimens, And use immunohistochemical detection technology to detect the specimens. Observe and record the results of breast cancer microscopic examination and immunohistochemical examination, Compare the test results of CK5/6, CK34βE12, EGFR, HER-2, Ki67, PTEN, P16, P63 between the two groups of patients. Observe the correlation between the immunohistochemical detection index and breast cancer. Results Microscopic examination of breast cancer shows irregular distribution of breast cancer tissue cells. The cytoplasm is less and the cell morphology is diverse, There is less separation of nuclei, Fibroblast proliferation or collagenization can be seen at the edge of the cell. Breast cancer immunohistochemical examination results: Among the 30 breast cancer patients diagnosed by pathology, the diagnostic accuracy rate of CK5/6^(+) was 93.33%;the diagnostic accuracy rate of CK34βE12^(+) was 83.33%, the diagnostic accuracy rate of EGFR^(+) was 90.00%, and the diagnostic accuracy rate of HER-2^(+) was 86.67%, P16^(+) The diagnostic accuracy rate was 80.00%, the diagnostic accuracy rate of P63^(+) was 86.67%, the diagnostic accuracy rate of Ki67^(+) was 93.33%, and the diagnostic accuracy rate of PTEN-was 30.00%. The positive rates of CK5/6, CK34βE12, EGFR, HER-2, Ki67, P16, P63 in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the reference group, and the negative rate of PTEN in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the reference group, with a large difference(P<0.05). CK5/6, CK34βE12, EGFR, HER-2, Ki67, P16, P63 indexes are positive, indicating that the positive expression of the above indexes is positively correlated with breast cancer(<0.001), while the PTEN index is negative, indicating a negative correlation with breast cancer(<0.001). Conclusions The application of immunohistochemistry in the pathological diagnosis of breast tumor patients can accurately diagnose different breast lesions. It has high accuracy and is worthy of promotion.