活性染料非水介质染色的技术发展和应用前景

Technology Development and Application Prospect of Non-aqueous Medium Dyeing with Reactive Dyes

印染加工作为纺织工业重要的组成部分,是纺织品生产链中提升产品品质、功能和价值的产品深加工重要环节,也是高附加值服装面料、家用纺织品和产业用纺织品等产业的重要技术支撑。困扰印染行业的污水排放问题虽然有所缓解,但未得到根本性解决,环境污染的负面形象依然存在。非水介质染色作为我国原创的染色新技术,有望从源头上解决棉纤维等亲水性纤维纺织品染色污水排放量大、染料浪费严重的难题。文章比较全面地介绍了活性染料非水介质染色的关键技术,包括非水介质染色的定义和适用性、对染色介质的基本要求、非水介质染色基本原理以及棉纤维非水介质染色技术的基本性能、产业化示范和推广等,为我国纺织工业的可持续发展和走向全面生态化提供了新方向。

As an important sector of the textile industry,dyeing processing is an important step in the textile production chain for deep processing of products to improve their quality,function and value,and also important technical support for industries such as high value-added clothing,home textiles and technical textiles.Though the problem of wastewater discharge which has been perplexing the dyeing industry has been alleviated,it has not been fundamentally solved yet.The negative image of environmental pollution is still growing.As China’s new original dyeing technology,non-aqueous dyeing is expected to be the answer for large sewage discharge and serious dye waste from the dyeing of hydrophilic fiber textiles such as cotton fiber.This paper introduces the key technologies of dyeing in the non-aqueous dyeing system with reactive dyes,including the definition and applicability of non-aqueous dyeing,basic requirements of dyeing medium,basic principles of non-aqueous medium dyeing,as well as basic performance,industrialization demonstration and promotion of non-aqueous medium dyeing technology of cotton fiber.In doing so,the paper provides a new direction for the sustainable development of China’s textile industry and towards a comprehensive ecologicalization.