社会保障基本国策的规范体系与实施路径

The Normative System and Implementation Path of the Basic State Policy of Social Security

基本国策在效力和实施方式上与基本权利不同,不少学者对以基本国策确立社会保障的做法存有质疑,但事实证明,社会保障基本国策在我国得到了较好的实施。这有赖于我国宪法基本建立了较为完整的社会保障基本国策的规范体系,其中,宪法第十四条第四款是依据规范,宪法第三十三条第三款之人权原则、第四十四条之退休权和第四十五条之物质帮助权、社会优抚权、残疾人权利保障是支撑规范,党的领导条款是保障规范。在这一规范体系之下,形成了"基本国策指引—基本权利支撑—执政党强力实施"的实施路径和成功经验。

The basic state policy is different from the basic right in its effectiveness and implementation mode, and many scholars have doubts about the practice of establishing social security by basic state policy, but it turns out that the basic state policy of social security has been better implemented in our country. This depends on the Basic Establishment of a more complete normative system of basic state policies of social security in our Constitution, of which Article 14, paragraph 4, of the Constitution is based on norms, the human rights principles of Article 33( 3) of the Constitution, the right to retire in Article 44 and the right to material assistance, the right to social welfare, the right to the disabled are the norms of support, and the leadership provisions of the Party are the norms of protection. Under this normative system, the implementation path and successful experience of "basic state policy guidelines-basic rights support-strong implementation by the ruling party" have been formed.