基于科研能力培养的分子生物学实验教学改革初探——carA基因是否与盘基网柄菌细胞的趋化运动有关?

Reform Exploration of Molecular Biology Experimental Teaching for Improving Scientific Research Ability——Whether carA Gene was Related to the Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum?

分子生物学是一门实验性很强的学科。对于生物技术专业的本科学生来说,实验课学习是提高实验技能和培养科研能力的重要途径。该实验教学改革引入"问题情境"教学,以"carA基因是否与盘基网柄菌细胞的趋化运动有关"这一问题为导向,利用盘基网柄菌细胞中carA基因的克隆为主线,串联起基因组DNA提取、目的基因的PCR扩增、质粒转化、质粒提取等分子生物学核心技术环节,鼓励学生自主探索,通过实验结果来解答问题。在实践教学中,教师通过对学生进行课前、课中和课后指导,帮助学生逐步养成自主学习习惯和提升科研能力,为今后从事生物学相关工作打下基础。

Molecular Biology is a subject that requires lots of experimental practices.For undergraduates majoring in biotechnology,the experimental course is an essential approach to improve their experimental skills and scientific research ability.Here,the experimental teaching was reformed by introducing the problem-based learning approach,which was orientated by the problem of "whether carA gene was related to the chemotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum".In order to solve the problem,a variety of key technologies in Molecular Biology were used based on the cloning of carA gene from Dictyostelium discotylum cells,such as genome DNA extraction,target DNA amplification,recombinant plasmid construction,bacterial transformation and plasmid extraction.During the process of practical teaching,students were encouraged to explore the answers based on the experimental results independently.In addition,the pre-class,in-class and post-class intervention and directing by teachers may help undergraduates develop the habit of autonomous learning and improve the scientific research ability gradually so as to ease the transition from school to work.