形成态多能干细胞的研究进展

Progression in Formative Stem Cell

胚胎在发育过程中根据其多能性调控的特征可以分为两种状态,即原始态(na?ve)和激发态(primed)。为了准确掌握这两种多能性状态之间相互转换、谱系分化、表观遗传修饰等调控机制,AUSTIN提出了一种假说,认为naïve和primed状态之间存在另一种新的多能性中间状态,并将其命名为形成态(formative)。最近,AUSTIN和WU从小鼠和人类胚胎中成功分离并建立了具有formative多能性特征的干细胞系。相比于na?ve和primed多能性干细胞,形成态多能干细胞(formative stem cell,FSC)不仅具有独特的基因表达特征,而且细胞的分离、诱导方法和体内发育能力与另两种多能性细胞也存在差异。该文将对FSC的特征及其多能性的研究进展进行介绍。

Embryonic stem cells can be divided into two states,naïve and primed,according to their pluripotency during developmental progression.In order to grasp the regulatory mechanism between two pluripotent states,such as transition,lineage differentiation,and epigenetic modification,AUSTIN proposed a hypothesis that there exists a novel intermediate state named as "formative".Moreover,AUSTIN and WU successfully isolated pluripotent stem cells with formative characteristics from mouse and human embryos in his recent study.Compared with na?ve and primed pluripotent cells,FSC (formative stem cell) have unique features of gene expression,derivation and developmental pluripotency in vivo.Here,this review will introduce the characteristics of formative stem cells and its recent progresses.