大江健三郎《别了,我的书!》的互文性叙事与晚期风格

Intertextual narration and late style in Oe Kenzaburo s Farewell,My Book!

大江健三郎晚年小说代表作《别了,我的书!》通过对主人公长江古义人和椿繁晚年冒险经历的描绘,全面展现了大江对美国“9·11”事件的深刻认识和对国家暴力的批判。本文在对小说叙事特征、人物塑造和主题诉求进行考察之后认为,大江创造性地运用互文性叙事强调文本间交流互动的功能,采用私小说、元小说等多种小说技法,引入诗歌、访谈等多种体裁,使小说呈现出无限的开放性。小说的互文性叙事指涉了文本外的时代语境,批判了美国和日本的政治保守主义倾向,实现了小说形式与主题诉求的完美契合。在此意义上,《别了,我的书!》的互文性叙事具有一种意识形态批判色彩,呈现出一种兼容并蓄与反叛规范的创造性,既是作家人生经历的回响,又是其人格个性、精神诉求的集中表现,充分体现了大江的晚期风格。

Farewell,My Book!,which is a masterpiece of Oe Kenzaburo in his later years shows his criticism of the national violence and his deep understanding of the 9/11 event by describing the the adventures of the protagonists in their old ages.After investigating the narrative style,character creation and theme,this paper holds that Oe Kenzaburo creatively uses intertextual narration which emphasizes communication and interaction between texts,adopts various novel techniques such as watakushi novel and metafiction,and introduces a variety of genres such as poetry and interview,in order to make the text present infinite openness.The intertextual narration of the novel refers to the time context outside the text,criticizes the political conservatism tendency of the United States and Japan,and realizes the perfect fit between the novel form and the theme appeal.In this sense,intertextual narration in Farewell,My Book!has a critical color of ideology and shows a kind of creativity which is inclusive and rebellious.It is not only the echo of the writer s life experience,but also the concentrated expression of his personality and spiritual pursuit,and fully shows Oe Kenzaburo s late style.