PCD刀具精密切削纯铜材料表面粗糙度及加工残余应力研究

Study on Residual Stress and Surface Roughness of Precision Machining Pure Copper with PCD Tool

采用正交试验法,基于PCD刀具研究切削速度、进给量、刀具前角以及冷却润滑方式对加工残余应力、表面粗糙度等参数的影响规律。结果表明,刀具前角增加,加工残余应力增加,表面粗糙度呈减小趋势;切削速度增加,加工残余应力与表面粗糙度先减小后增大;在干切、水冷以及微量润滑(MQL)三种方式中,采用MQL具有最小的加工残余应力和表面粗糙度;进给量对加工残余应力、表面粗糙度的影响最为显著,且随着进给量的增大而明显增加。采用切削速度200m/min、刀具前角10°、进给量0.05mm/r以及MQL方式可获得最佳的表面完整性。

In this paper, an orthogonal test with PCD tool is conducted to determine the effects of process parameters on residual stress and surface roughness.The results show that, with increase of rake angle, the machining residual stress increases, but the surface roughness decreases;with the increase of cutting speed, the residual stress and surface roughness decrease firstly and then increase;among the three strategies of dry-cutting, water cooling and micro-lubrication(MQL),the MQL has the minimum machining residual stress and surface roughness;the feed rate has a most significant effect on machining residual stress and surface roughness, which increase obviously with the increase of feed rate.The optimal surface integrity for precision machining pure copper can be attained at the condition of cutting speed 200 m/min, rake angle 10°,feed rate 0.05 mm/r, and cooling and lubricating strategy MQL.