影响细胞内胆固醇流出的危险因素

Influencing risk factors of intracellular cholesterol efflux

胆固醇流出是指外周组织和细胞中过多的游离胆固醇流出到载脂蛋白A-I(apolipoprotein A-I,apoA-I)或高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoproteins,HDL)的过程。高密度脂蛋白介导的外周细胞胆固醇流出在胆固醇逆向转运(reverse cholesterol transport,RCT)途径中发挥着重要作用。许多流行病学研究观察到,血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)浓度与心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)风险之间存在负相关,但提高HDL-C浓度并不能降低心血管疾病的风险,这对经典的HDL-C假说提出了挑战。目前,提高HDL颗粒的胆固醇流出能力被认为是预防心血管疾病更好的目标。因此,本文将简要介绍胆固醇逆向转运途径,并重点讨论影响HDL介导的细胞内胆固醇流出的相关危险因素。

Cholesterol efflux refers to the process that excessive free cholesterol in peripheral tissues and cells flows out to apolipoprotein A-I(apoA-I)or high density lipoprotein(HDL).HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from peripheral cells plays an important role in cholesterol reverse transport(RCT)pathway.Many epidemiological studies have observed that there is a negative correlation between serum HDL-C concentration and cardiovascular disease risk.But increasing HDL-C concentration can not reduce cardiovascular disease risk,which challenges the classical HDL-C hypothesis.At present,improving cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL particles is considered as a better goal to prevent cardiovascular diseases.Therefore,this review will briefly introduce the reverse cholesterol transport pathway,and focus on the related risk factors affecting HDL-mediated intracellular cholesterol efflux.