再论晏殊诗与“西昆体”

A New Study on Yan Shu's Poems and Xikun Style

自上世纪80年代以来,学术界对宋初诗坛的“西昆派”及其后进文人的研究和再评价取得了令人瞩目的成果。晏殊被视为“西昆体”诗人之一或者后期“西昆派”的主要成员而成为研究的代表人物。本文结合他的人生际遇、性情气质和文学观念的变化,重新对其现存的诗歌作品进行较为全面的解读,试图从文学接受的角度,对晏殊作品鲜明而又多样的风格,特别是对他所受到的陶渊明、韦应物等前代诗人的影响进行深入探讨,从而指出其诗与“西昆体”的不同受容路径,因而不应被纳入“西昆派”。晏殊为宋初的诗坛带来了积极的变化,成为唐音与宋调转变之际的一个重要代表人物。

Studies of the Xikun School of poetry in the early Song Dynasty,and members of the School,have enjoyed a resurgence since the 1980s.Many of these studies focused on Yan Shu(991-1055) and his connection with the School.Most researchers regarded him as an important member of the School.Based on his life,his literary turn of mind,and his expressed views,this study reinitiates a thorough and close reading of Yan Shu’s existent poems.By exploring his remarkably diverse styles,I have identified the literary styles he drew from several earlier poets,such as Tao Y uanming and Wei Yingwu.I have concluded that Yan Shu integrated these literary influences into his poems,and that these influences distinguished him from other members of the Xikun School.Thus Yan Shu initiated stylistic changes in early Song Dynasty poetry,and played an important role in the transitional period of Chinese classic poetry from Tang to Song.