社会学作为总体性社会科学——重识瞿秋白的唯物史观社会学

Sociology as Totalizing Social Science:Re-understanding of Qu Qiubai’s Sociology of Historical Materialism

20世纪初中国社会的危机是总体性危机,任何止于局部观察的研究可能都无法把握社会问题的核心,这样的社会历史条件以及马克思主义唯物史观,塑造了瞿秋白的社会学观。瞿秋白以唯物史观为指导,把"社会"看作由"互动的关系"构成的"现实的总和",将社会学视为"总体性"社会科学,注重把握社会的整体结构及其变迁的规律性。瞿秋白的唯物史观社会学处在中国传统学术向现代学术转变的阶段,重识其理论视野和方法原则,有助于我们完整地认识中国社会学的源流及其当代发展的得失。

The crisis of Chinese society at the beginning of the 20 th century is a general crisis.Any investigation with only partial observations may not be able to grasp the core of social problems.Such social historical conditions and Marxist historical materialism shaped Qu Qiubai’s sociological view.Guided by Marxist historical materialism,Qu Qiubai regarded society as the"sum of reality"composed of"interactive relations",regarded sociology as a totalizing social science,and focused on grasping the overall structure of society and its law of change.Qu Qiubai’s sociology of historical materialism is in Chinese academic transformation from tradition to modernity.Rethinking the theoretical vision and method principles of historical materialist sociology will help us to fully understand the origins of Chinese sociology and the gains and losses of its contemporary development.