代际流动轨迹与分配公平感——影响机制与实证分析

The Intergenerational Social Mobility Trajectory and Perception of Distributive Justice:Influencing Mechanism and Empirical Analysis

中国城市居民的分配公平感及其形成机制已成为社会学研究的热点议题。代际流动轨迹不但刻画了人们社会地位的动态变化,而且通过形塑人们的地位获取相对机会感知与代际资源占有量,进而影响人们的分配公平感。研究发现:第一,代际流动轨迹通过资源获得机会路径与代际资源占有数量路径影响人们的分配公平感。第二,代际向上流动与上层稳定者,资源获取机会多,相对地位更高,更可能主观向上流动,分配不公平感较低,而代际向下流动则会增强城市居民的分配不公平感。第三,代际向上流动与上层稳定者,代际资源占有较多,分配公平感也较高。本研究启示我们,快速发展经济,促进代际职业流动,是提升城市居民分配公平感的重要途径。

The perception of distributive justice(PDJ)and its influencing mechanism has been a popular topic among Chinese social science researchers.This paper proposes that the intergenerational social mobility trajectory has a significant impact on people’s judgment of relative opportunities and quality/quantity of resources,which in turn influence people’s perceived justice.We find that the intergenerational social mobility trajectory’s influence on people’s perception of distributive justice(PDJ)is mainly through direct and indirect paths,or the resources possessing path and the resources obtaining path.The upward intergenerational mobile group and the stable high social status group have a relatively higher social status and a higher tendency of social mobility,so they have a greater sense of PDJ,while the downward intergenerational social mobility has a significant negative influence on urban citizen’s PDJ.In addition,the upward intergenerational mobile group and the stable high social status group possess more resources in intergenerational social mobility;thus,they have a higher sense of PDJ.The research reveals that promoting intergenerational social mobility and developing economic more rapidly is an important way to improve the PDJ among Chinese urban citizens.