不同供磷水平对核桃实生幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

EEffects of different phosphorus supply levels on growth and physiological ccharacteristics of walnut seedlings

以阿克苏核桃地方品种‘新萃丰’的实生幼苗为试验材料,研究不同供磷水平(磷肥施用量0、10、20、30、40 g/株)对其生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,在不同供磷水平下,核桃实生幼苗的生长、根系发育、生理代谢都会发生一定的变化,供磷水平高于或低于30 g/株核桃实生幼苗的生长及生理特性会受到不同程度的抑制。在供磷水平为30 g/株时,核桃实生幼苗的生长势最好,生物量较大,其每株叶片数、叶片长度、叶片宽度、株高和地径均最大,分别为20.48片、11.38 cm、6.13 cm、102.52 cm、20.08 mm;根系发育最好,其根系总长度、总面积、总体积、平均直径、每株根尖数、分形维度均最大;生理代谢最旺盛,酸性磷酸酶活性及丙二醛、游离氨基酸含量降至最低,硝酸还原酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量最高。综上,最佳磷肥施用量为30 g/株。

Auxu local germplasm’Xincuifeng’walnut seedlings were used as research materials to study different phosphorus supply levels(application amount of phosphate fertilizer were 0 g/plant,10 g/plant,20 g/plant t,30 g/plant and 40 g/plant).The results show that under different phosphorus supply levels,the growth,root development,and physiological metabolism of walnut seedlings will all change,and the growth and physiological characteristics of walnut seedlings with phosphorus supply levels above or below 30 g/plant will be different degree of inhibition.When the phosphorus supply level is 30 g/plant,walnut seedlings have the best growth potential and large biomass.The number of leaves per plant,leaf length,leaf width,plant height and ground diameter are the largest at 20.48 pieces,11.38 cm,6.13 cm,102.52 cm,20.08 mm;the root system develops best,its root total length,total area,total volume,average diameter,number of root tips per plant,fractal dimension are the largest;physiological metabolism is the strongest,acid phosphatase activity,the content of malondialdehyde and free amino acids are reduced to the lowest,and the activity of nitrate reductase and the content of soluble protein are the highest.In summary,the optimal application rate of phosphate fertilizer is 30 g/plant.