成都地区376例尘肺住院患者呼吸道感染病原谱研究

Respiratory Tract Infection Pathogen Spectrum Study of 376 Pneumoconiosis Inpatients in Chengdu

目的了解尘肺患者呼吸道病原体感染情况,季节、年龄和不同尘肺分期的病原体感染规律,探究尘肺患者呼吸道感染病原谱。方法采集2017年1月-2019年10月成都市某职业病医院376例尘肺住院患者痰液并收集患者临床信息,检测痰液中23种常见病毒、细菌及真菌,分析季节、年龄和不同尘肺分期与病原体检出率间的关系。结果376份痰液标本中病原体检出率为42.29%(159/376),病毒检出率为32.98%(124/376),细菌检出率为9.57%(36/376),真菌检出率为6.12%(23/376)。检出率最高的6种病原体依次为副流感病毒、鼻病毒、流感病毒、白色念珠菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和克柔念珠菌。不同季节、年龄和尘肺分期与呼吸道感染严重程度的差异无统计学意义。结论成都地区尘肺患者呼吸道感染病原谱复杂,病毒感染占比高,但感染严重程度与年龄、季节、尘肺分期无关。

Objective To investigate the status of infections caused by respiratory pathogens and the patterns of infections caused by pathogens in different seasons,age groups and stages of pneumoconiosis so as to explore the pathogen spectrum of respiratory tract infections in pneumoconiosis patients.Methods The sputum samples of 376 pneumoconiosis patients admitted to an occupational disease hospital in Chengdu between January,2017 and October,2019 were collected.Clinical information of the patients was collected and lab tests were conducted to check for 23 kinds of common respiratory viruses,bacteria and fungi in the sputum.The relationship between seasons,ages,and different stages of pneumoconiosis and the pathogen detection rate was analyzed.Results In the 376 sputum samples,the detection rates of pathogens,viruses,bacteria and fungi were 42.29%(159/376),32.98%(124/376),9.57%(36/376)and6.12%(23/376),respectively.The six pathogens with the highest detection rates were parainfluenza virus,rhinovirus,influenza virus,Candida albicans,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida krousei.The severity of respiratory tract infection did not show significant difference in different seasons,age groups,and pneumoconiosis stages.Conclusion The pathogen spectrum of respiratory tract infections in patients with pneumoconiosis is complicated and the proportion of viral infection is high.However,the severity of the infection is not associated with age,seasonal,or pneumoconiosis staging differences.