淮海经济区土地利用转型时空演变格局与生态系统服务价值变化

Spatial-Temporal Evolution Pattern of Land Use Transition and Changes in Ecosystem Service Value in Huaihai Economic Zone

经济的快速发展使得土地利用类型发生了剧烈的变化,进而对生态的发展造成了一定的影响。本文以淮海经济区为例,以2001、2009、2017年三期遥感影像为基础,并通过土地利用转移矩阵、生态系统服务价值当量计算法分析淮海经济区土地时空演变格局的特征与生态环境变化情况。研究结果表明:①2001—2009年,因追求经济发展导致了城市与建设用地的大面积增加,林地、耕地的大面积减少,造成了淮海经济区生态服务价值增长只有0.96亿元。②在2009—2017年,由于政策的出台,各地区开始重视生态环保的重要性,淮海经济区大面积的退耕还林还草带来草地、林地明显增加,整体的生态系统服务价值增长较快,达到19.72亿元,上涨率达到0.84%。③从2001—2017年的整体情况来看,湿地和城市与建设用地增长速度最快,而耕地的减少速度最快。而淮海经济区整体生态服务价值增长了20.67亿元,增长速率为0.88%。本研究可为区域生态、经济可持续发展提供理论支持。

The rapid economic development has caused drastic changes in land use types,which in turn has a certain impact on ecological development.Taking Huaihai Economic Zone as an example,based on the remote sensing images in 2001,2009 and 2017,this paper analyzes the characteristics of land spatial and temporal evolution pattern and ecological environment changes in Huaihai Economic Zone by using land use transfer matrix and ecosystem service value equivalent calculation method.The results show that:(1)During the period from 2001 to 2009,the pursuit of economic development led to a large increase in urban and construction land,while a large decrease in woodland and cultivated land,resulting in an increase of only 96 million yuan in ecological service value in Huaihai Economic Zone.(2)During the period from 2009 to 2017,due to the introduction of policies,various regions began to pay attention to the importance of ecological and environmental protection.The large-scale conversion of farmland to forest and grassland in the Huaihai Economic Zone brought about a significant increase in grassland and woodland,and the overall ecological environment,and the overall ecosystem service value increased rapidly,reaching 1.972 billion yuan,with an increased rate of 0.84%.(3)From the overall situation from 2001 to 2017,wetland,urban and construction land grew the fastest,while cultivated land decreased the fastest.The overall ecological service value of the Huaihai Economic Zone has increased by 2.067 billion yuan,with a growth rate of 0.88%.This research can provide theoretical support for the sustainable development of regional ecology and economy.