我国职业健康信息系统建设现状及对策研究

A cross-sectional study on informatization construction about occupational health in China

目的了解我国职业健康信息系统建设现况,为职业健康信息化建设提出对策和建议。方法于2019年11月和2020年4月,采用横断面调查对国家级、省级和部分中央企业的职业健康信息系统进行调查。共调查各类职业健康信息系统57个,包括4个国家级系统、44个省级系统和9个行业系统。对终端类型、主要功能、构建类型、使用用户分类及主要权限、电脑端结构、数据采集方式、数据传输方式、数据对接情况等进行描述性分析。结果4个国家级系统均采用B/S结构,均为通过电脑终端进行网络数据传输,主要数据采集方式为在线采集和外部系统对接。44个省级系统中,41个(93.18%)为自建系统,75.00%(33/44)终端类型为电脑端,90.91%(40/44)电脑端结构为B/S结构,17个(38.64%)系统采用多种数据采集方式,13.64%(6/44)的系统采用多种数据传输方式,网络报告为主要数据传输方式(88.64%,39/44),84.09%(37/44)的系统网络访问模式为互联网模式。9个行业系统中,66.67%(6/9)的系统为自建机房形式部署服务器,77.78%(7/9)的系统支持对接并预留端口;66.67%(6/9)的系统终端为电脑端、100.00%(9/9)的系统结构为B/S结构;77.78%(7/9)的系统通过用户手工填报进行数据采集。结论我国职业健康信息化建设突出存在分散建设、分别建设等问题,相关系统间缺乏有效的数据联通共享。

Objective To understand the current situation of the construction of occupational health information system in China and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the construction of occupational health information system.Methods In November 2019 and April 2020,a cross-sectional survey was conducted on the occupational health information systems of national,provincial and some central enterprises.A total of 57 occupational health information systems were investigated,including 4 national systems,44 provincial systems and 9 industrial systems.The terminal type,main function,construction type,user classification and main authority,computer terminal structure,data collection mode,data transmission mode,data docking are analyzed.Results The four national level systems all adopt B/S structure,and all transmit network data through computer terminals.The main data acquisition mode is online acquisition and external system docking.Among the 44 provincial-level systems,41(93.18%)were self built systems,75.00%(33/44)were computer terminals,and 90.91%(40/44)were B/s structures;17(38.64%)systems used multiple data acquisition methods;13.64%(6/44)systems used multiple data transmission methodsand the main way of data transmission method is network report(88.64%,39/44);84.09%(37/44)of the system network access mode was Internet mode.Among the nine industry systems,66.67%(6/9)of them deployed servers in the form of self built computer rooms,77.78%(7/9)of them supported docking and reserved ports;66.67%(6/9)of them used computer terminals,and 100.00%(9/9)of them used B/S structure;77.78%(7/9)of them used manual filling for data collection.Conclusion The construction of occupational health information system in China has many problems,such as scattered and separate construction,and lack of effective data sharing between related systems,it's urgent to unify the standard and plan as a whole.