多孔径分布式视场部分重叠仿生热成像理论与技术

Theory and technology of bionic thermal imaging with multi-aperture distributed and partially overlapped field of view

热成像系统视场与空间分辨率(作用距离)的矛盾是常规成像模式难以解决的问题。多孔径热成像技术主要分为低重叠率、高重叠率和中度重叠率部分重叠成像模式。文中研究了一种视场部分重叠仿生热成像理论,利用4组红外物镜及IRFPA机芯构成了中心变分辨率4孔径分布式热成像系统,各子孔径的“并集”视场构成系统成像大视场,“交集”视场特别是中心重叠视场具有超分辨能力,从而构成空间变分辨率视觉模式,可减缓传统单孔径热成像问题;利用重叠视场可构成4目和2目近场目标场景的体视成像;通过子孔径检偏偏振片,中心视场可构成全偏振热成像模式;对角探测器分别采用长波或中波红外焦平面探测器,则可构成双色热成像模式。分析表明:这种多孔径分布式视场部分重叠仿生热成像具有仿生智能的特性,可针对感兴趣目标进行智能观测,提高复杂背景条件下的目标探测和识别能力,具有广泛的应用前景。

The contradiction between the field of view(FOV)and the spatial resolution(operating range)of the thermal imaging system is difficult to solve in the conventional imaging mode.Multi-aperture imaging technology is mainly divided into low overlapping rate,high overlapping rate and moderate partial overlapping imaging mode.In this paper,a theory of partially overlapped FOV bionic thermal imaging was studied.Four sets of infrared objective lens and infrared IRFPA cores were used to form a 4-aperture distributed thermal imaging system with central variable resolution.The"union"FOV of each sub-aperture constituted a large FOV for the system,and the"intersection"FOV of each sub-aperture,especially the central overlapped FOV,had superresolution capability,thus forming a spatially variable resolution visual mode,which could alleviate the traditional single aperture thermal imaging problem.The overlapped field of view could be used to construct 4-eye and 2-eye stereo imaging for near-field target scene.Through polarizers on the sub-apertures,the central FOV could form a fully polarized thermal imaging mode.The detectors on the diagonal with LW or MW infrared focal plane detectors respectively could form a dual-color thermal imaging mode.Theoretical analysis shows that this bionic thermal imaging system with multi-aperture distributed and partially overlapped FOV has the characteristics of bionic intelligence,which can intelligently observe the interested targets,improve the target detection and recognition capabilities in complex background conditions and has extensive application prospects.