抗战前中国土壤学的国际化历程——基于三次世界土壤学大会的考察

Internationalization of Chinese Soil Science Before Anti-Japanese War——Focus on the 1stthe 3rd World Congress of Soil Science

20世纪上半叶,国际土壤学会的成立和系列世界土壤学大会的成功举办,对世界范围内土壤学的发展及交流有着重要意义。尤其是1935年的第三届世界土壤学大会,中方首次派出代表参会,在国际国内均产生了一定影响。以抗战前中国土壤学与三次世界土壤学大会的交集为线索,结合会议记录、报纸杂志、当事人传记等材料,厘清了相关史实,重点探讨中国首次参会一事,认为中国学者也在有意识地构建国际学术关系网,以寻求开展交流和合作的机会。以窥抗战前中国土壤学从“引进来”到“走出去”的国际化历程。

In the first half of the 20th century,the establishment of the International Society of Soil Science and the holding of a series of World Congresses of Soil Science are of great significance to the development and exchange of Soil Science.Chinese element has repeatedly turned up in the World Congress of Soil Science since its establishment.However,it was not until the Third World Congress of Soil Science in 1935 that Chinese delegates were sent to participate,producing positive effect at home and abroad.The thread running through this paper is the academic communication in the three World Congresses of Soil Science as well as Chinese soil science before the Anti-Japanese War,with an attempt to clarify the relevant historical facts and demonstrate the influence and significance of China's first participation in the congress,and construct the international exchange history of Chinese soil science from"bringing in"to"going global"before the AntiJapanese war.