毛南族的多语能力与语言和谐

Multi-lingual Ability and Linguistic Harmony of Ethnic Maonan People

通过对毛南族语言生活状况调查发现,作为人口较少民族,毛南族总体上处于母语为本、多语并存且分工明确、功能互补的语言生态。毛南族多数人使用双语或多语,普通话学习意愿较高,普通话基本得到普及,各语言在不同的语境中分工明确,其语言能力与收入水平呈现明显正相关性。对于毛南族等基本实现普通话普及的人口较少民族而言,做好多语能力的提升,构建和谐语言社区,推动民族经济文化发展,具有样本意义。

Through an investigation of the languages of Maonan people,this article found that as an ethnic group with a small population,Maonan people generally live in a language ecology with their native vernacular as the basic language and a coexistence of multi-languages with complementary functions.Most Maonan people are bilingual or multilingual,having a high willingness to learn Mandarin which makes Mandarin basically popularized among them.Each language serves its different purposes in different contexts,and there is a clear positive correlation between their language ability and income level.The implication of this study is that for ethnic minorities with a small population such as the Maonan ethnic group which has basically achieved the popularization of Putonghua,it is of typical significance to improve the multilingual ability,build a harmonious language community,and promote the development of ethnic economy and culture.