Research advances on how metformin improves memory impairment in “chemobrain”

Cognitive impairment caused by chemotherapy,referred to as“chemobrain,”is observed in approximately 70% of cancer survivors.However,it is not completely understood how chemotherapy induces cognitive dysfunction,and clinical treatment strategies for this problem are lacking.Metformin,used as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus,is reported to reduce the effects of chemobrain.Recently,several studies have examined the effect of metformin in rescuing chemobrain.This review discusses recent clinical/preclinical studies that addressed some mechanisms of chemobrain and evaluates the effect of metformin in rescuing chemobrain and its potential mechanisms of action.