嫘祖神话阴柔文化基型审美生成考论

On the Aesthetic Evolution of the Female CulturalPrototype in Leizu’s Mythology

中国的阴柔化审美偏向成形于春秋战国时期的“轴心时代”,其源头可追溯到史前社会的原始神话。阴柔文化的审美基型源于远古时期的母性崇拜,大量遗留的母系社会信息使阴柔气质成为潜藏在民族记忆深处的精神内核。作为史前社会女性地位的生动反映,嫘祖神话隐含着深厚的民族文化密码,它一方面体现了人类从混沌迈向文明的心路历程,另一方面折射出女性在两性社会转型中身份的艰难转换。在父权社会的挤压下,女性的活动场所由社会转向家庭,在家庭这道堡垒中维系着原始母系的天然权威。在漫长的封建社会里,女性在“母亲”角色的扮演中以润物无声的方式影响着男权社会,在思想、意志、观念等方面完成对父权社会文化层的转化。这种崇尚母性的文化心理,为阴柔文化基型的生成提供了沃土,成为颇具东方特色的美学范式。

The bias toward the female cultural prototype came into being in China during the Spring and Autumn Era and the Warring States Period,dating back to the prehistory primitive mythology.The female cultural prototype is a product of maternal worship in remote ancient times.Leizu’s mythology,as a reflection of prehistory women’s social status,embodies profound ethnic cultural codes,demonstrating the human mental progress from chaos to civilization and showcasing the hard-to-win identity transformation in a bi-gender society.Under the pressures of paternal society,the female’s activities were shifted from society to family,preserving their natural authority at home.In the long period of feudalism the female shouldered the responsibilities of“mother”,subconsciously affecting the paternal society in terms of ideology,willpower and notions.It is argued that the female worship mentality is a fertile soil for the female cultural prototype,eventually becoming an aesthetic paradigm with typical oriental features.