叶面喷施海藻提取物对甘蔗干旱胁迫的缓解效应

Alleviation Effect of Foliar Application with Seaweed Extract on Sugarcane under Drought Stress

为研究叶面喷施海藻提取物对干旱胁迫下甘蔗叶片生理参数及植株形态指标的影响,以‘YT159’和‘ROC22’两个品种甘蔗为试验材料,采用盆栽方法,设置正常灌溉组(C)和干旱胁迫组(D),分别通过喷施不同用量(SE1、SE2)海藻提取物,测量分析植株形态指标株高、茎径、植株鲜重以及叶片生理参数,包括水分参数、抗氧化酶活性等。结果表明:正常灌溉组喷施海藻提取物的处理(C+SE1、C+SE2)甘蔗叶片生理参数以及形态指标与不施用海藻提取物处理相比差异不显著。干旱胁迫组喷施海藻提取物(D+SE1、D+SE2)与不喷施海藻提取物的C相比,叶片脱水速率、电导率、脯氨酸含量显著降低,叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性、相对含水量、植株鲜重显著增加,同时抗旱系数显著提高,2个品种中‘YT159’提高幅度较大,‘ROC22’提高幅度相对较小。因此,叶面喷施海藻提取物能显著改善干旱胁迫下甘蔗叶片生理参数和植株形态指标,提高植株鲜重,从而缓解干旱胁迫对甘蔗造成的伤害,提高甘蔗抗旱能力。

The effect of foliar application with seaweed extract(SE)on the physiological parameters of sugarcane leaves and plant morphological indexes under drought stress were studied to improve the drought resistance of sugarcane.Two sugarcane varieties‘YT159’and‘ROC22’were used as the test materials.Pot culture was used to foliar application of seaweed extract in different dosages“SE1”and“SE2”under conventional irrigation conditions“C”and drought stress conditions“D”,respectively.Plant morphological indexes including plant height,stem diameter,fresh weight,and leaf physiological parameters including water parameters and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured.The results showed that the physiological parameters in sugarcane leaves and morphological indexes treated with seaweed extract(C+SE1,C+SE2)were not significantly different from those in the C treatment.Under drought stress(D+SE1,D+SE2),the seaweed extract application significantly reduced the leaf dehydration rate,electrical conductivity,proline content,relative water content and fresh plant weight.Besides,drought resistance coefficient was significantly improved,and‘YT159’performed better than‘ROC22’.Therefore,the foliar application with seaweed extract under drought stress could significantly improve the physiological parameters of sugarcane leaves and plant morphological indicators,and increase the fresh plant weight,so as to alleviate the damage of drought stress to sugarcane and improve the drought resistance ability of sugarcane.