2019年安康市居民心脑血管疾病监测分析

Surveillance of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in residents in Ankang, 2019

目的了解陕西省安康市居民心脑血管疾病的流行趋势和分布特征,为全市心脑血管疾病病因防治研究提供科学依据。方法搜集2019年安康市医疗卫生机构报告的心脑血管疾病资料,通过计算发病率和死亡率分析安康市居民心脑血管疾病发病和死亡数据,采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2019年安康市居民心脑血管疾病年平均发病率男性557.78/10万、女性482.17/10万,男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.724,P<0.01),其中脑梗死发病率最高(357.27/10万);心脑血管疾病年平均死亡率男性126.67/10万、女性105.01/10万,男女性差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.454,P>0.05),其中死亡率最高的是脑出血(37.20/10万);不同年龄组人群的心脑血管疾病发病率(χ^(2)=78.293)、死亡率(χ^(2)=29.127)也不同(均P<0.01),且发病率随年龄的增长而逐渐上升,80岁~组达最高峰;死亡率随着年龄的增长逐渐上升,70岁~组达最高峰,但80岁~组又稍有下降。结论安康市居民心脑血管疾病的防治仍需采取综合防控措施,应进一步加强重点疾病、男性居民以及老年人的健康监测和防治。

Objective To understand the epidemic trend and distribution characteristics of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in the residents in Ankang city of Shaanxi province, and provide scientific basis for researching the cause, prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Methods The data of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases reported by the medical and health institutions were collected in Ankang city, 2019, and data of disease onset and death were analyzed by calculating morbidity and mortality rates. The SPSS 21.0 was taken for statistical analysis. Results The average annual morbidity rate of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases was higher in the male(557.78/100 000) than in the female(482.17/100 000), with statistical difference(χ^(2)=27.724, P<0.01) in the residents of Ankang, in 2019, and the highest morbidity rate of cerebral infarction(357.27/100 000). The average annual mortality rate of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases was 126.67/100 000 in the male and 105.01/100 000 in the female, without statistical difference(χ^(2)=2.454, P>0.05), with the highest mortality rate of cerebral hemorrhage(37.20/100 000). The morbidity rate(χ^(2)=78.293) and mortality rate(χ^(2)=29.127) of cardiocerebrovascular diseases were different among the various age groups(all P<0.01), and the morbidity rate increased with the age, and reached the peak in the age group of 80 years and older. The mortality rate grew with the age too, and reached the peak in the age group of 70 years and slightly decreased in the age group of 80 years and older. Conclusions The comprehensive measures still need to be taken for the prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in the residents in Ankang city. It should be further strengthened for the prevention and treatment on key diseases, health surveillance in the male residents and older people.