新时代“本然”和“应然”的教育价值取向之辩

Argument on the Educational Value Orientation of"Isness"and"Oughtness"in the New Era

“本然”和“应然”作为教育目标的二个维度,亦是教育价值的二个维度。古今中外关于“本然”和“应然”的教育理论具有一定的合理性,但是对于“应然”与“本然”的逻辑关系,总体上却是不清晰的。“本然”和“应然”是一对共存的矛盾体。“本然”教育不可废,“应然”教育要慎重。解决当前教育价值观问题的钥匙是要精准实施“本然”教育与应然教育。“本然”教育与应然教育的关系类似于“道”与“器”的关系。二者的统一恰是教育的最高境界。

"Isness"and"oughtness"are two dimensions of educational goals,and also two dimensions of educational value.The ancient and modern Chinese and foreign educational theories about"isness"and"oughtness"have a certain rationality.However,the logical relationship between"isness"and"oughtness"is generally unclear."Isness"and"oughtness"are a pair of coexisting contradictions."Isness"education cannot be abolished while"oughtness"education should be cautious.The key to solve the current educational value problem is to accurately implement both"isness"education and"oughtness"education.The relationship between"isness"education and"oughtness"education is similar to that between"Tao"and"instrumental".The unity of the two is the highest level of education.