微RNA在食管癌研究中的新进展

New Research Progress of MicroRNA in Esophagus Cancer

微RNA(miRNA)是一类小的非编码RNA,可在转录和翻译水平调节靶信使RNA的表达,与多种恶性肿瘤的发病机制有关。miRNA可作为致癌基因(或抑癌基因)参与食管癌的发生发展过程,并可通过调控上调(或下调)靶基因激活(或失活)信号通路影响食管癌的进展,尤其在食管癌的生长、转移等方面发挥重要作用。此外,多数miRNA在食管癌中的表达具有高度保守性和组织特异性,有望成为辅助食管癌临床诊疗的生物分子标志物或靶向治疗靶点。

MicroRNA( miRNA) is a class of small non-coding RNA that can regulate the expression of target mRNA at the level of transcription and translation,and is related to the pathogenesis of many malignant cancers. miRNA can be used as oncogenes( or tumor suppressor genes) to participate in the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer,and can affect the progress of esophageal cancer by regulating the up-regulation( or down-regulation) of target genes activation( or inactivation) signaling pathways,especially playing an important role in the growth and metastasis of esophageal cancer. In addition,the expression of most miRNAs in esophageal cancer is highly conserved and tissue-specific,and is expected to become a biomolecular marker or therapeutic target for assisting the clinical diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.