气象要素与脑卒中发生及预后关系的研究进展

Research Progress in Relationship between Meteorological Factors and Occurrence and Prognosis of Stroke

气象要素与脑卒中关系密切,尤其是气温对脑卒中的影响较大,低温可增加缺血性脑卒中的发病率,但目前温度变化对出血性脑卒中的影响研究结果并不一致。另外,高气压也可增加脑出血和动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的发病率。日光对人体作用复杂,日照时间短,高血压和脑卒中的发病率均会增加,同时日光也可影响脑卒中的康复。气象要素影响脑卒中的机制复杂,气温主要通过交感神经系统发挥作用,日光对人体的作用则涉及维生素D的合成以及褪黑素的分泌等。未来应深入研究日光对脑卒中的影响,以更好地预防脑卒中的发生。

Meteorological factors are closely related to stroke,especially that the temperature has a greater impact on stroke,and hypothermia can increase the incidence rate of ischemic stroke,although the results of temperature change on hemorrhagic stroke are not consistent. Besides,high pressure can also increase the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Sunlight has a complex effect on human body. If the sunshine duration is short,the incidence of hypertension and stroke would be both high,while sunlight also has an effect on rehabilitation of stroke. The mechanism of meteorological factors affecting stroke is complex. Temperature plays a role mainly through the sympathetic nervous system. The effects of sunlight on human body involves synthesis of vitamin D and secretion of melatonin. The effect of sunlight on stroke should be further studied in the future,so as to better prevent the occurrence of stroke.