基于遥感解译的森林火灾蔓延模型研究

Study on Forest Fire Spread Model Based on Remote Sensing Interpretation

森林火灾是一种突发性很强且危害性极大的自然灾害。随着科学技术的发展,在火灾发展态势研判中应用更先进的技术、更加智能化的方案,成为森林火灾应急处置的大趋势。本文综合分析了目前国内外先进的林火蔓延技术,以林火科学和遥感技术为理论基础,Rothermel模型为技术框架,构建了基于遥感解译的森林火灾蔓延模型,优化了模型参数获取方法,提升了算法的准确性。最后,针对北京市“3·30丫髻山森林火灾”进行案例复盘模拟,结果表明,本模型推演的过火区域与新闻报道大致吻合,证明了模型有较好的可靠性,对有关部门有针对性的展开科学扑救具有一定的指导意义。

Forest fire is a kind of sudden and harmful natural disaster.With the development of science and technology,there is a growing trend that more advanced technology and more intelligent scheme are applied in the research and judgment of forest fire development.This paper comprehensively analyzes the current advanced technologies related to forest fire spreading at home and abroad,and takes forest fire science and remote sensing technology as the theoretical basis and the Rothermel model as the technical framework.In order to increase the accuracy of the algorithm,the paper constructs a forest fire spread model based on remote sensing interpretation and optimizes the method of obtaining model parameters.Finally,the case of“3.30 Yaji Mountain Forest Fire”in Beijing is reviewed and simulated.The results show that the burned area deduced by this model generally coincides with news reports,proving that the model is reliable.It has a certain guiding significance for the relevant departments to carry out scientific rescue.