凉山州地区新生儿痤疮67例临床观察

Clinical Observation of 67 Cases of Neonatal Acne in Liangshan Area

目的总结新生儿痤疮的临床特点,提高医生对该病的认识,减少误诊。方法收集儿保门诊就诊的新生儿痤疮患儿进行问卷调查,并对资料总结分析。结果共收集患儿67例,男50例(74.6%),女17例(25.4%),平均发病年龄(14.61±7.8) d,平均病程(32±18.9) d。皮损表现为轻-中度,炎性丘疹、脓疱是最常见的皮损,均累及面颊,48例(71.6%)例累及前额、下颌。80.6%患儿父母有青春期痤疮病史。21例患者在院外就诊出现误诊,最易误诊为湿疹。3月龄随访,45例(67.2%)出现皮损痊愈或明显好转,6月龄随访,64例(95.5%)均痊愈。20例因为皮疹延迟预防接种,65例预防接种后皮损未出现加重。结论新生儿痤疮在出生后2-4周发病,皮损好发于面部,大多数皮损轻微,且在6个月内基本消退。新生儿痤疮不是预防接种的禁忌证。

Objective To summarize clinical characteristics of neonatal acne,improve doctors’ understanding disease,and reduce misdiagnosis.Methods Questionnaire survey of neonatal acne in outpatient clinic of children’s health insurance was conducted,and data were summarized and analyzed. Results 67 cases were collected,including 50 males( 74. 6%) and 17 females( 25. 4%).Average age of onset was( 14. 61±7. 8) days and average disease course was( 32±18. 9) days.Skin lesions were mild to moderate.Inflammatory papules and pustules were common skin lesions involving cheeks.48 cases( 71. 6%) involved forehead and jaw.80. 6% parents had adolescent acne history.21 patients were misdiagnosed outside hospital,most likely to be misdiagnosed as eczema.Follow-up at 3 months old,45 cases( 67. 2%) showed recovery or obvious improvement.Follow-up at 6 months old,64 cases( 95. 5%) were cured.Vaccination was delayed in 20 cases due to skin rash,and skin lesions in 65 cases did not worsen after vaccination.Conclusion Neonatal acne could occur in 2 - 4 weeks after birth. Skin lesions usually occur on face that are mostly mild and could disappear within 6 months.Neonatal acne is not a contraindication for vaccination.