肺动脉平滑肌细胞:肺动脉高压的关键治疗靶点

Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells:a key therapeutic target for pulmonary arterial hypertension

肺动脉高压(PAH)是一种进展快、预后欠佳、死亡率高的心血管疾病。研究表明,肺血管重构是PAH发生发展的重要病理基础,而肺动脉平滑肌细胞的增殖和肥大是PAH肺血管重构的主要病理改变。在PAH时,肺血管平滑肌细胞由收缩表型向增殖状态的合成表型转化,主要表现为肺血管平滑肌细胞的增殖和肥大。上述病理改变最终导致肺血管管腔狭窄,管壁僵硬,进而促进PAH的发生发展。本文对肺动脉平滑肌细胞在PAH中的关键作用及作用机制进行阐述,为临床防治PAH提供新靶点和新策略。

Pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH)is a vascular disease with rapid progression,poor prognosis,and high mortality.Studies have shown that pulmonary vascular remodeling is an important pathophysiological basis for the development of PAH.The proliferation and hypertrophy of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells are the key pathological changes of pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH.In PAH,pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells transformed from a contractile phenotype to a synthetic phenotype of proliferative state,mainly manifested as proliferation and hypertrophy of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells.These pathological changes eventually lead to vascular lumen narrow and tube wall stiffness,promoting the occurrence and development of PAH.The purpose of this review is to elaborate the mechanism of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH and to provide new targets and strategies for clinical prevention and treatment of PAH.