论司马迁的中医学造诣

On Sima Qian’s Attainments in Traditional Chinese Medicine

司马迁的中医学造诣是一个关注度较低的问题。虽然《史记》中关于中医的直接叙述只有一篇《扁鹊仓公列传》,但它足以展示司马迁在中医方面的造诣。具体可从三个方面见之。首先,对“扁鹊医治虢太子”“扁鹊见蔡桓公”的改写,体现出司马迁深厚的中医学根基;其次,提出“六不治”理论,体现出司马迁在中医理论上的贡献;最后,通过塑造扁鹊形象,强化“治身与治国,一理之术”观念,体现出司马迁对中国古代中医文化的丰富和提升。

Sima Qian’s attainments in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)are a focus of low concern.Although there is only one direct account of TCM in Historical Records,it is also The Biography of Bian Que and Cang Gong,which shows Sima Qian’s attainments in TCM from different angles.Specifically,it is in three aspects.First,rewriting“Bian Que heals Prince Guo”and“Bian Que sees Cai Huangong”reflects Sima Qian’s profound foundation in TCM;secondly,the theory of“six incurable diseases”reflects Sima Qian’s attainments in TCM theory;thirdly,through the image-depicting of Bian Que strengthens the concept of“governing the body likes governing the country”,which deeply has influenced the ancient Chinese medicine culture.