两汉酷吏的时空分布研究

A Study on the Temporal and Geographical Distribution of the Cruel Officials in the Han Dynasty

西汉酷吏郅都等15人中有12人分布在秦晋地区,这与战国法家思想在该地区的盛行有关,酷吏的做法体现的也是法家思想,而循吏则无一出自该地区。东汉酷吏不再集中于秦晋地区,说明各地的地域文化已经发生了很大变化。酷吏主要集中于汉武帝统治时期,东汉明显减少,说明酷吏的地理分布与两汉治国方略不同也有一定的关系。

In the Western Han Dynasty,12 of the 15 cruel officials,such as Zhi Du,were distributed in the Qin and Jin regions,which was related to the prevalence of legalism in this region in the Warring States Period.The practices of the cruel officials also reflected the legalism,while none of the upright officials came from this region.The cruel officials in the Eastern Han Dynasty were no longer concentrated in the Qin and Jin regions,which showed that the regional culture had changed a lot.The cruel officials were mainly concentrated in the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty,and the number of them obviously reduced in the Eastern Han Dynasty.It is indicated that the geographical distribution of the cruel officials is also related to the different governing strategies of the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties.