耳蜗核在耳鸣发展中的作用

The Role of the Cochlear Nucleus in the Development of Tinnitus

耳鸣是耳鼻喉科的常见症状之一,其病因复杂,发生机制未明。随着关于耳鸣的基础和临床研究进一步深入,耳蜗核在耳鸣发生发展的过程中的作用被进一步阐明。耳蜗核作为听觉通路上的第二级神经元,还接收来自头颈部的躯体感觉传入,听觉及躯体感觉通路传入的信号不平衡对耳蜗核有着重要影响。耳蜗核异常增高的自发放电率与耳鸣的产生有着密切的关系,本文主要围绕耳蜗核出现异常增高的自发放电率的可能机制和体感通路对耳蜗核兴奋性的影响,及其与耳鸣发生发展的可能关系进行综述。

Tinnitus is a common complaint in ENT practice,with complicated etiologies and unknown pathogenic mechanisms.As tinnitus research advances,the role of the cochlear nucleus in the development of tinnitus is being further elucidated.As a key structure in the auditory pathway,abnormally elevated spontaneous firing in the cochlear nucleus is known to be one of the mechanisms underlying tinnitus.At the same time,the cochlear nucleus receives innervation from somatosensory structures,and the unbalanced signals from auditory and somatosensory pathways can have an important impact on the cochlear nucleus.This review highlights the mechanisms of abnormal hyperactivity in the cochlear nucleus and the effects of somatosensory projections on its activity,with regards to potential connections with development of tinnitus.