大菱鲆饲料中鱼粉替代蛋白源的研究进展

Research Progress on Replacement of Fish Meal by Different Protein Sources in Turbot Feed

大菱鲆是我国重要的经济海水鱼类,目前以北方的海水工厂化养殖为主,且多投喂高蛋白商品饲料。鱼粉是大菱鲆商业饲料的主要蛋白源,但近年来渔业资源紧缺导致鱼粉供需矛盾加剧,合理地开发和利用动植物蛋白源替代鱼粉是解决该矛盾最重要的途径之一。文章主要就多种动植物蛋白源以及单细胞蛋白源单一或混合替代饲料中鱼粉对大菱鲆生长、体成分、饲料利用、生理生化指标、肠道健康、养殖水环境指标等的影响以及适宜替代水平进行综述,以期为大菱鲆高效低成本环保配合饲料的研发提供有效参考,从而推动大菱鲆养殖业的健康可持续发展。

The turbot Scophthalmus maximus L.is a marine fish species with important economic value,and it is mainly cultured in north China and fed with high-protein commercial feed in factory at present.Fish meal is the main protein resource of turbot commercial feed.However,in recent years,the shortage of fishery resources has aggravated the contradiction between supply and demand of fish meal.One of the most important ways to solve this contradiction is to develop and utilize other protein resources to re⁃place fish meal.The effects of dietary replacement of fish meal on growth performance,body composi⁃tion,feed utilization,physiological and biochemical index,intestinal health and indicators of aquaculture water environment of turbot with other protein resources single or mixed,such as a variety of animal and plant protein resources and single cell protein resources,as well as the consensual level of replacement were summarized.It could be hoped that this review could provide effective references for the study and development of high-efficient,low cost and environment-friendly formula feed,and thus promote the healthy and sustainable development of turbot aquaculture industry.