尿液糖蛋白组在泌尿系统癌症诊断中的研究进展

Advances in the application of urine glycoproteomics in the clinical diagnosis of urinary system cancer

泌尿系统肿瘤患者基数大,恶性程度高,术后易复发,诊断方法有限,发展舒适、准确的癌症检查手段,一直是临床关注的焦点问题。尿液作为生物标志物来源进行筛查,被越来越多地开发和利用,尿液糖蛋白用于诊断泌尿系统癌症的研究甚少。尿液可以直接接触泌尿系统实体肿瘤,肿瘤分泌的特异性蛋白进入尿液,患者尿液样本便于足量多次收集,尿液蛋白质组技术以及糖基化修饰蛋白质组研究的快速发展,为我们利用尿液研究癌症诊断提供了便利的条件。本文系统总结了肿瘤微环境驱动肿瘤糖蛋白标志物的改变和尿液糖蛋白质组研究的主要进展,重点聚焦泌尿系统肿瘤患者尿液糖蛋白质组在临床肿瘤标志物诊断和预后的应用方向,以期为利用尿液糖基化修饰蛋白质组筛选生物标记物,临床诊断癌症和治疗的基础研究提供理论依据。

Patients with urinary system tumors have a large base,a high degree of malignancy,easy recurrence and limited diagnosis.Developing comfortable and accurate tumor examination methods has been the subject of clinical attention.Urine,as a biomarker source for screening,has been developed and utilized more and more.However,there are few studies in the diagnosis of urinary tumors by urine glycoproteins.Urine can be located in direct contact with solid tumors of the urinary system,and specific proteins secreted by tumors enter into urine.A sufficient number of patient urine samples can be collected at multiple times.The rapid development of urine proteomics technology and glycosylation modified proteomics provides convenient conditions for us to study cancer diagnosis by urine.This review systematically summarizes the changes of tumor glycoprotein markers driven by tumor microenvironment and the main ideas of urine glycoproteins research were systematically summarized.The application direction of urine glycoproteins in the diagnosis and prognosis of clinical tumor markers was emphatically expounded in order to screen biomarkers by using urine glycosylated modified proteome and provide help for basic research of clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer.