对虾定向输送装置设计与参数优化试验

Design and Parameter Optimization of Directional Conveying Device for Shrimp

针对目前对虾预处理的定向环节仍依靠人工操作、缺少对虾定向设备等问题,以去头南美白对虾为研究对象,对虾体的外形结构特征和虾体头尾定向机理进行分析,并结合对虾外形参数设计了对虾定向输送装置。选取中型和大型两种规格的对虾,以对辊间隙、输送推板运动速度和定向辊转速为试验因素,以定向成功率为指标,进行了单因素试验和正交试验,研究了各试验因素对定向效果的影响规律,并优化了试验装置的主要参数。结果表明,试验装置的最优参数组合为:输送推板运动速度40 mm/s、定向辊转速90 r/min、中型虾对应的对辊间隙10 mm、大型虾对应的对辊间隙13 mm,在最优参数组合下中型虾和大型虾的定向成功率分别为97.3%、94.7%。

Due to the irregular shape of shrimp,the automatic orientation is difficult.In view of the problems that the orientation link of shrimp pretreatment still relies on manual operation and lacks of orientation equipment,taking headless Penaeus vannamei as the research object,through the analysis of the shape and structure characteristics of the shrimp body,a head and tail orientation method was proposed,and the head and tail orientation mechanism of shrimp was analyzed.The theoretical study showed that it was feasible to orient shrimp’s head and tail by means of opposite rotation of parallel rollers.According to the shape parameters of shrimp,a directional conveying device for shrimp was designed.Medium-sized and large-scale shrimps were selected as the experimental objects.The single factor and orthogonal experiments were carried out with the roller gap,the conveying speed of pushing plate and the rotation rate of orientation roller as the experimental factors,and the orientation success rate as the index.Through the experiment,the influence law of each experimental factor on the orientation effect was explored,and the main parameters of the test device were optimized.The experimental results showed that the optimal parameters combination of the experimental device were as follows:the conveying speed of pushing plate was 40 mm/s,the rotation rate of orientation roller was 90 r/min,the corresponding roller gap of medium-sized shrimp was 10 mm,and that of large-sized shrimp was 13 mm.Under the optimal combination of parameters,the success rates of medium-sized and large-scale shrimp were 97.3%and 94.7%,respectively.The research can provide theoretical and technical support for the development of shrimp orientation equipment.